Once all the participants in a combat have fought you can determine which side has won. Begin by adding up all the wounds caused by each side. It does not matter which particular units suffered the wounds, just add them all up. Do not forget to add the wounds taken by big creatures which have not been removed as casualties.

The side which has caused the most wounds has won the combat. The other side has lost. If both have inflicted the same number of wounds then the result is a draw. However, a side can claim extra bonus points under certain circumstances - for example if it has a battle standard, if it is attacking the enemy in the flank, or if it is fighting from higher ground.

Each bonus point is added to the number of casualties you have inflicted. So for example, if both sides cause 3 wounds the result is a draw, but if one side had a battle standard it adds +1 to its score, beating the enemy by 4 points to 3. These bonus points can make all the difference between winning and losing the combat. The table below summarises the bonus points.

Once both sides have established their total points, including the number of casualties caused and bonus points, compare the values to discover which side has won the combat. The higher the winner's score compared to the loser's the bigger and more decisive the victory. An 8 point against 7 point victory is only a slight win for example, because the difference in scores is only one point. An 8 point against 2 point victory is extremely decisive as the difference in scores is a whopping six. This difference in scores is important because it is used when working out if a defeated enemy stands his ground or turns and flees.

+1 Rank Bonus

If your formation is at least 4 models wide then you may claim a bonus of +1 for each complete rank of models behind the first. So, a formation 3 ranks deep would give you a +2 bonus, a 4 deep formation gives you a +3 bonus. The greatest bonus you can claim is +3 from 4 ranks - no bonus is given for deeper formations. If your side has several units fighting, then you may add the bonus from the deepest formation. You do not get a bonus from each unit, just the deepest unit in the combat.

+1 Standard

If any of your units has a standard flying in the front rank then you may add a +1 bonus. If you have several standards then you still only add +1, not +1 for each standard. Rules for standards are described later.

+1 Battle Standard

If the army's battle standard is fighting in the combat then you may add a further +1. This is in addition to the bonus from ordinary banners because it represents the great leader himself. Rules for standards are described later.

+1 High Ground

If you are fighting from a higher position than your enemy then you may add a +1 bonus. For example, if you are defending the crest of a hill. If there are several units involved, some higher than others, the bonus goes to the side which has troops on the highest ground. Note that this bonus only applies to troops occupying higher terrain, not to models which are simply bigger than their enemy - they have enough advantages already.

+1 Flank Attack

If you are fighting an enemy unit in the flank you may add a +1 bonus. You must have at least 5 models in the flanking unit to earn this bonus. A smaller unit may strike blows as normal but does not give the bonus. If both sides have troops attacking in the flank then the side with the most flanking units gets the bonus. The bonus is only applied once, regardless of how many flanking units are involved in the combat.

+2 Rear Attack

The same comments apply as for a flank attack but to units attacking in the rear.